【托福真题_英语外教一对一培训】栏目更新了TOEFL托福阅读真题及答案（63），以下为具体内容：

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题文章：

　　The Origin of Planets

　　The formation of planets is a complex process that begins with the accumulation of dust and gas in a protoplanetary disk. Over time, these particles collide and stick together, forming larger bodies called planetesimals. Through further accretion, some planetesimals grow into protoplanets, and eventually, planets. This process is known as the nebular hypothesis, which suggests that planets form from the same rotating disk of material that gives rise to the central star.

　　One key aspect of planetary formation is the differentiation between terrestrial and gas giant planets. Terrestrial planets, like Earth, are primarily composed of rock and metal, and they form in the inner regions of the protoplanetary disk where temperatures are high enough to allow only refractory materials to condense. In contrast, gas giants, such as Jupiter and Saturn, form in the cooler outer regions where volatile substances like water, ammonia, and methane can condense into ice particles. These ice particles then accumulate large amounts of hydrogen and helium gas from the surrounding disk.

　　Another important factor in planetary formation is the role of gravity. As planetesimals grow in size, their gravitational pull increases, allowing them to attract more material and grow even larger. This process continues until the planet either clears its orbit of debris or becomes part of a larger body. The final stages of planetary formation may also involve significant collisions, such as the impact that is thought to have formed Earth's Moon.

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题题目

　　1. According to the passage, what is the nebular hypothesis?

　　A. The idea that planets form from the collision of asteroids

　　B. The theory that planets form from a rotating disk of dust and gas

　　C. The concept that all planets were once part of a single large body

　　D. The hypothesis that planets are created by the gravitational collapse of stars

　　2. What is the main difference between terrestrial and gas giant planets?

　　A. Terrestrial planets are larger than gas giants

　　B. Gas giants have solid surfaces, while terrestrial planets do not

　　C. Terrestrial planets are composed mainly of rock and metal, while gas giants are composed mainly of gas and ice

　　D. Gas giants are found in the inner solar system, while terrestrial planets are found in the outer solar system

　　3. According to the passage, why do terrestrial planets form in the inner regions of the protoplanetary disk?

　　A. The gravitational pull is stronger in the inner regions

　　B. Temperatures are high enough to allow only refractory materials to condense

　　C. There is more dust and gas in the inner regions

　　D. The inner regions are closer to the central star

　　4. The word "accretion" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

　　A. Collision

　　B. Separation

　　C. Growth by accumulation

　　D. Destruction

　　5. According to the passage, what role does gravity play in planetary formation?

　　A. It causes the protoplanetary disk to rotate

　　B. It prevents planetesimals from colliding

　　C. It allows planetesimals to attract more material and grow larger

　　D. It determines the temperature in different regions of the protoplanetary disk

　　6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the formation of gas giant planets?

　　A. They form in regions where temperatures are too high for ice to condense

　　B. They require the presence of volatile substances like water and ammonia

　　C. They are primarily composed of rock and metal

　　D. They form closer to the central star than terrestrial planets

　　7. The word "refractory" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

　　A. Volatile

　　B. Easily melted

　　C. Resistant to heat

　　D. Gaseous

　　8. According to the passage, what is a possible final stage in planetary formation?

　　A. The planet is destroyed by a large collision

　　B. The planet clears its orbit of debris

　　C. The planet is pulled into the central star

　　D. The planet breaks apart into smaller pieces

　　9. The author mentions the impact that formed Earth's Moon in order to:

　　A. Provide an example of a significant collision during planetary formation

　　B. Contrast the formation of Earth with that of other terrestrial planets

　　C. Explain why Earth has a relatively large moon

　　D. Demonstrate that collisions are the primary mechanism for planetary formation

　　10. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

　　A. A chronological account of the formation of the solar system

　　B. A comparison of different theories of planetary formation

　　C. An explanation of the nebular hypothesis and its key components

　　D. A description of the characteristics of terrestrial and gas giant planets

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题参考答案：

　　B、C、B、C、C、B、C、B、A、C

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